Guide to Grammar and Style -- M

From the Guide to Grammar and Style by Jack Lynch.
Comments are welcome.

Media.

According to the purists, a plural noun: "The media are," not "the media is." The singular is medium. See Agreement and Data.

Methodology.

A methodology is the study of, or a system of, methods. Usually you mean method instead of methodology. Like functionality, methodology is a favorite of longwordophiles.

Mixed Metaphor.

A vivid metaphorical imagination is one of the best signs of a good writer. We use more metaphors than we realize, and if we don't pay attention, they become hopelessly scrambled. The sentence "We were swamped with a shocking barrage of work, and the extra burden had a clear impact on our workflow" suggests images of a marsh (swamped), electrocution or striking (shocking), a military assault (barrage), weight (burden), translucency (clear), a physical impression (impact), and a river (flow). If you can summon up a clear mental image including all these elements, you have a better imagination than I have.

Pay attention to the literal meaning of figures of speech and your writing will come alive. (Don't, by the way, confuse mixed metaphors with mangled clichés -- though a mixed metaphor might result from a botched cliché, they're not the same thing.)

Modifier.

A modifier simply gives additional information about a word: instead of "bench" -- any old bench -- we get "wooden bench"; instead of "read" -- read how? -- we get "read quickly." Modifiers are usually adjectives or adverbs.